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Eriri ọkpụkpụ azụ

Erimeri ọkpụkpụ azụ, nke a na-akpọkwa antenna ihu, bụ ihe pụrụ iche dị mkpụmkpụ ebili mmiri na-anata.N'oge oge niile site na mkpokọta abụọ njikọ ịntanetị nke oscillator symmetric, a na-enweta oscillator symmetric mgbe obere mkpokọta capacitor dị n'ịntanetị.Na njedebe nke nchịkọta nchịkọta, ya bụ, njedebe na-eche ihu na ntụziaka nkwurịta okwu, a na-ejikọta nkwụsi ike dị ka njirimara njirimara nke nchịkọta nchịkọta, na njedebe nke ọzọ na-ejikọta ya na onye nata site na feeder.E jiri ya tụnyere antenna rhombus, eriri azụ azụ nwere uru nke obere sidelobe (ya bụ, ike ịnweta ike na isi lobe, ike ịnweta ike na-adịghị ike na ntụziaka ndị ọzọ), obere mkparịta ụka n'etiti antennas na obere mpaghara;Ọdịmma bụ obere arụmọrụ, ntinye na ojiji dị mgbagwoju anya.

antenna Yagi

A na-akpọkwa antenna.Ọ na-agụnye ọtụtụ mkpanaka ígwè, otu n'ime ha bụ ihe ọkụ ọkụ, ogologo oge na-atụgharị n'azụ radiator, na ndị dị mkpụmkpụ ole na ole n'ihu radiator.A na-ejikarị oscillator ọkara apịaji apịaji na radiator.Ntụziaka radieshon kacha elu nke antenna bụ otu ihe ntụzịaka nke ntuziaka.Yagi antenna nwere uru nke usoro dị mfe, ọkụ na ike, nri dị mma;Ọdịmma: bandwit dị warara na mgbochi nnyonye anya adịghị mma.Ngwa dị na nkwurịta okwu ultrashort na radar.

Anten fan

Ọ nwere efere ígwè na waya ígwè ụdị abụọ ụdị.N'ime ha, bụ efere ígwè fan, bụ ụdị waya igwe fan.Ụdị antenna a na-amụba eriri ugboro n'ihi na ọ na-eme ka akụkụ akụkụ nke antenna ahụ dịkwuo elu.Antenna mpaghara waya nwere ike iji waya igwe atọ, anọ ma ọ bụ ise.A na-eji antenna ngalaba maka nnabata ebili mmiri ultrashort.

Anten cone ugboro abụọ

Anten cone okpukpu abụọ nwere cones abụọ nwere elu cone dị iche, na-eri nri n'elu cone.Enwere ike iji igwe elu, waya ma ọ bụ ntupu mee cone ahụ.Dịka antenna onu, eriri ugboro nke antenna na-agbasawanye ka akụkụ akụkụ nke antenna na-abawanye.A na-eji antenna cone okpukpu abụọ eme ihe maka nnabata ebili mmiri ultrashort.

Parabolic antenna

Antenna paraboloid bụ antenna microwave ntụzịaka nke nwere ihe ntụgharị paraboloid na igwe ọkụ etinyere n'isi ebe ma ọ bụ axis nke paraboloid reflector.A na-egosipụta ebili mmiri electromagnetic nke radiator na-ewepụta site na paraboloid, na-akpụpụta ìhè ntụzịaka.

Parabolic reflector mere nke metal na ezi conductivity, e nwere tumadi ndị na-esonụ ụzọ anọ: adiana paraboloid, cylindrical paraboloid, ịcha adiana paraboloid na elliptic onu paraboloid, nke a na-ejikarị bụ na-atụgharị paraboloid na cylindrical paraboloid.Ọkara ebili mmiri oscillator, oghe waveguide, slotted waveguide na ihe ndị ọzọ na-ejikarị na radiators.

Anten parabolic nwere uru nke usoro dị mfe, nrụzi siri ike na bandwit na-arụ ọrụ sara mbara.Ihe ọghọm dị na ya bụ: n'ihi na radiator dị na ọkụ eletrik nke ihe ngosi parabolic, onye na-atụgharị uche nwere mmeghachi omume dị ukwuu na radiator, ọ na-esikwa ike ịnweta ezigbo egwuregwu n'etiti antenna na onye na-enye nri.Azụ radieshon ka ukwuu;Ọkwa nchekwa adịghị mma;Elu mmepụta nkenke.A na-eji antenna ahụ eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na nkwukọrịta ngwa ngwa ngwa ndakwa nri, nkwurịta okwu mgbasa ozi tropospheric, radar na telivishọn.

mpi paraboloid antenna

Igwe paraboloid mpi nwere akụkụ abụọ: mpi na paraboloid.Paraboloid ahụ na-ekpuchi mpi ahụ, na vertex nke mpi ahụ dị n'ebe dị anya nke paraboloid.Mpi ahụ bụ radiator, ọ na-eme ka ebili mmiri electromagnetic gaa na paraboloid, ebili mmiri electromagnetic mgbe ntụgharị paraboloid gasịrị, lekwasịrị anya n'ime oghere dị warara na-apụta.Uru nke antenna paraboloid mpi bụ: onye na-atụgharị uche enweghị mmeghachi omume na radiator, radiator enweghị mmetụta nchebe na ebili mmiri na-egosipụta, na antenna dakọtara nke ọma na ngwaọrụ nri;Azụ radieshon dị obere;Nchekwa dị elu;The arụ ọrụ ugboro band bụ nnọọ obosara;Ọdịdị dị mfe.A na-eji antenna paraboloid mpi eme ihe na nkwukọrịta okporo ụzọ.

Igwe mpi

A na-akpọkwa antenna Angle.Ihe mejupụtara ya bụ ntuziaka ebili mmiri na-efegharị efegharị na mpi mpi nke nwere ngalaba obe na-eji nwayọ na-abawanye.Eriri mpi nwere ụdị atọ: eri mpi fan, mpi mpi mpi na eriri mpi conical.Igwe mpi bụ otu n'ime antenna microwave a na-ejikarị eme ihe, nke a na-ejikarị dị ka radiator.Ya uru bụ obosara na-arụ ọrụ ugboro band;Ọdịmma ahụ buru ibu, yana maka otu caliber ahụ, ntụzịaka ya adịghị nkọ dị ka antenna parabolic.

Igwe oghere mpi

Ihe mejupụtara ya bụ mpi na oghere nke etinyere na oghere mpi, ya mere a na-akpọ ya antenna lens mpi.Lee antenna oghere maka ụkpụrụ nke oghere.Ụdị antenna a nwere eriri ugboro na-arụ ọrụ sara mbara ma nwee nchebe dị elu karịa antenna parabolic.A na-eji ya eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na nkwurịta okwu microwave na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ọwa.

Igwe oghere

Na eriri centimeters, enwere ike itinye ọtụtụ ụkpụrụ anya na antennas.Na optics, ebili mmiri dị okirikiri nke na-agbapụta site na isi mmalite na ebe mgbanaka oghere nwere ike gbanwee ka ọ bụrụ ikuku ụgbọ elu site na ntụgharị site na oghere.A na-eji ụkpụrụ a eme antenna lens.Ọ nwere oghere na radiator etinyere n'ebe mgbaba oghere.Enwere ụdị antenna oghere abụọ: dielectric decelerating lens antenna na metal accelerating lens antenna.A na-eme oghere ahụ nke dị ala - ọnwụ dị elu - ọkara ugboro, oke n'etiti na mkpa gburugburu.A na-ebelata ebili mmiri dị okirikiri nke na-esite na isi iyi radieshon ka ọ na-agafe oghere dielectric.Ya mere, ebili mmiri na-agbagharị agbagharị nwere ogologo ụzọ nke deceleration na etiti etiti oghere, na ụzọ dị mkpirikpi nke deceleration na mpụta.N'ihi ya, ebili mmiri gburugburu na-agafe na oghere wee ghọọ ikuku ụgbọ elu, ya bụ, radieshon na-atụgharị uche.Igwe anya nwere ọtụtụ efere ígwè dị ogologo dị iche iche etinyere n'otu n'otu.Efere ígwè ahụ na-adaba n'ala, na nso nso ya dị n'etiti, ọ dị mkpụmkpụ.Ebili mmiri dị na efere ígwè

A na-emewanye mgbasawanye nke etiti.Mgbe ebili mmiri dị okirikiri sitere na isi iyi radieshon na-agafe na oghere igwe, a na-agbatị ya n'ụzọ dị ogologo nso na nsọtụ oghere na ụzọ dị mkpụmkpụ n'etiti.N'ihi ya, ebili mmiri gburugburu na-agafe na oghere igwe na-aghọ ife ụgbọ elu.

Antenna lens nwere uru ndị a:

1. Akụkụ akụkụ na azụ azụ dị ntakịrị, ya mere eserese ntụziaka ka mma;

2. Nhazi nke oghere mmepụta adịghị elu, ya mere ọ dị mma ịmepụta.Ọdịmma ya bụ obere arụmọrụ, usoro mgbagwoju anya na ọnụ ahịa dị elu.A na-eji antenna lens na nkwukọrịta ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa.

oghere oghere

A na-emeghe otu oghere dị warara ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ na nnukwu efere ígwè ma jiri eriri coaxial ma ọ bụ waveguide nye nri.Antenna e hiwere otu a ka a na-akpọ antenna slotted, nke a makwaara dị ka antenna gbawara agbawa.Iji nweta radieshon unidirectional, a na-eme oghere n'azụ efere ígwè ahụ, a na-enyekwa oghere ahụ nri ozugbo site na waveguide.The slotted antenna nwere usoro dị mfe na enweghị protrusion, ya mere ọ dị mma karịsịa maka ụgbọ elu na-agba ọsọ.Mwepu bụ na ọ na-esiri ike ịkụgharị.

Dielectric antenna

Antenna Dielectric bụ ihe dielectric dị elu na-efu dị ala (nke na-ejikarị polystyrene) nke ejiri mkpanaka gburugburu, otu njedebe nke a na-eri nri na eriri coaxial ma ọ bụ waveguide.2 bụ ndọtị nke onye na-eduzi n'ime nke eriri coaxial, na-eme oscillator iji kpalie ebili mmiri electromagnetic;3 bụ eriri coaxial;4 bụ ogwe aka metal.Ọrụ nke uwe aka ahụ abụghị naanị ịkwanye mkpanaka dielectric, kamakwa iji gosipụta ebili mmiri electromagnetic, iji hụ na ikuku electromagnetic na-enwe obi ụtọ site na onye na-eduzi n'ime nke eriri coaxial ma gbasaa na njedebe efu nke mkpanaka dielectric. .Uru nke antenna dielectric bụ obere nha na ntụzịaka dị nkọ.Mwepu bụ na usoro na-efu efu ya mere na-adịghị arụ ọrụ.

Antenna Periscope

N'ime nkwukọrịta ngwa ngwa ngwa ndakwa nri, a na-etinye antennas na nkwado dị oke elu, yabụ achọrọ ndị na-eri nri ogologo iji zụọ antennas.Onye na-eri nri dị ogologo ga-akpata ọtụtụ ihe isi ike, dị ka usoro mgbagwoju anya, oke ume ike dị elu, mgbagwoju anya nke nlegharị anya ike na nkwụsị nke feeder, wdg. Iji merie ihe isi ike ndị a, enwere ike iji antenna periscope mee ihe, nke nwere radiator enyo dị ala nke etinyere na ya. ala na ihe ngosi enyo elu nke etinyere n'elu ihe nkwado.Igwe ọkụ nke enyo dị n'okpuru na-abụkarị antenna parabolic, na ihe ngosi enyo dị elu bụ efere ígwè.Igwe ọkụ nke enyo dị ala na-ebunye ebili mmiri electromagnetic elu wee gosipụta ha na efere ọla.Uru nke antenna periscope bụ obere ume ike, mgbagha dị ala na arụmọrụ dị elu.A na-ejikarị ya na nkwukọrịta ngwa ngwa ngwa ndakwa nri nwere obere ikike.

Anten gburugburu

Ọ bụ antenna nwere udi ya.Ọ bụ ihe mejupụtara helix metal conductive dị mma, na-ejikarị eriri eriri coaxial, eriri coaxial nke etiti etiti na otu njedebe nke helix jikọtara, onye na-eduzi mpụga nke eriri coaxial na netwọk metal ala (ma ọ bụ efere).Ntuziaka radieshon nke antenna helical metụtara gburugburu nke helix.Mgbe okirikiri nke helix dị nnọọ ntakịrị karịa ogologo ikuku, ntụzịaka nke radieshon kachasị ike na-adabere na axis nke helix.Mgbe okirikiri nke helix dị n'usoro nke otu wavelength, radieshon kachasị ike na-apụta n'akụkụ axis nke helix.

Antenna tuner

Netwọk dakọtara impedance na-ejikọ onye na-ebufe na antenna, nke a na-akpọ tuner antenna.Ntinye ntinye nke antenna na-adịgasị iche site na ugboro ole, ebe mmepụta nke ihe na-ebufe bụ ihe doro anya.Ọ bụrụ na ejikọrọ onye na-ebufe na antenna ozugbo, mgbe ọnụọgụ nke nnyefe na-agbanwe, ndakọrịta n'etiti onye na-ebugharị na antenna ga-ebelata ike radieshon.N'iji ihe nrụnye antenna, ọ ga-ekwe omume ijikọ ihe mgbochi dị n'etiti onye na-ebufe na antenna ka antenna nwee ike na-egbuke egbuke n'oge ọ bụla.A na-eji tuners antenna eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ime ala, ụgbọ ala, ụgbọ mmiri na ọdụ ụgbọ elu redio dị mkpụmkpụ.

Debanye aha eri oge

Ọ bụ eriri obosara obosara, ma ọ bụ antenna nọọrọ onwe ya ugboro ugboro.Bụ antenna log-periodic dị mfe nke ogologo ogologo na etiti oge ya na-agbaso njikọ ndị a: τ dipole na-enye nri site na eriri nnyefe nwere eriri abụọ, nke na-agbanye n'etiti dipoles dị n'akụkụ.Antenna a nwere njirimara na njirimara ọ bụla na ugboro F ga-emeghachi ugboro ugboro ọ bụla τ ma ọ bụ f nyere, ebe n bụ integer.Ugboro ugboro ndị a ka ekewapụrụ n'otu n'otu n'otu ogwe osisi, ma oge ahụ hà nhata ndekọ nke τ.N'ihi ya, aha ya bụ logarithmic periodic antenna.Antenna log-oge na-emeghachi usoro radieshon na njirimara mgbochi.Ma maka usoro dị otú ahụ, ọ bụrụ na τ abụghị ihe na-erughị 1, mgbanwe àgwà ya na oge dị ntakịrị, ya mere ọ bụ isi na-adabere na ugboro ole.Enwere ọtụtụ ụdị antenna log-periodic, dị ka antenna log-periodic dipole na antenna monopole, log-periodic resonant antenna V, antenna log-periodic spiral antennas, wdg. Nke a na-ahụkarị bụ antenna log-periodic dipole.A na-eji antennas ndị a eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe n'elu obere ebili mmiri na mkpụmkpụ.